It is generally believed that "like dissolves like". It means polar solute dissolve in polar solvent, while non-polar solute tend to dissolve in non-polar solvent. According to the van der Waals force, does permanent dipole-induced dipole forces larger than London dispersion force?
From thermodynamics, G=H-TS, not only the enthalpy but the entropy changes the Gibbs free energy. For polar system, positive and negative charges attract on another. However, in non-polar system, weak attractions between solute and solvent molecules make the entropy dominant.
What happens when non-polar and polar molecules are added together? Polar molecules tend to bind each other and push non-polar molecules out of the way.
影響溶解度的原理:
1. 分子間的吸引力
2. 系統的亂度
ref:
http://www.scribd.com/doc/6402856/24-CHEMISTRY-LESSONS
http://www.chalkbored.com/lessons/chemistry-12/study-note-2-20.pdf
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